When conducting clinical trials, it is of utmost importance that the data generated be free from threats to the validity and integrity of the research. As demonstrated in many FDA warning letters, a commonly cited source of bias in clinical research can be found in the financial ties between investigators and sponsors. It is not unusual for the innovations of individual physician investigators to receive research and development funding from larger organizations that possess the resources to bring these innovations to market, and under 21 CFR 54, it is the responsibility of sponsors to collect for each investigator who is not a full-or part-time employee either a certification of no financial conflict of interest (Form FDA 3454), or a disclosure of the financial arrangements between the sponsor and investigator (Form FDA 3455). These financial disclosures must be updated by the investigators if there are any changes in financial disclosure status throughout the study, until one year after the study is completed.